ANÁLISE DA CAPACIDADE INIBITIVA DE FLUIDOS DE PERFURAÇÃO ADITIVADOS
ANALYSIS OF INHIBITION CAPACITY OF DRILLING FLUID WITH ADDITIVES
Lucena, Danielly Vieira de; Lira, Hélio de Lucena; Amorim, Luciana Viana
http://dx.doi.org/10.4322/2176-1523.0975
Tecnol. Metal. Mater. Min., vol.13, n2, p.166-173, 2016
Resumo
A aplicabilidade dos fluidos de perfuração de base aquosa com alto poder de inibição está direcionada a perfurações de seções compostas por folhelhos e argilas hidratáveis. A incorporação do inibidor sana os problemas de estabilidade de poços perfurados com fluidos aquosos que tipicamente apresentam inabilidade em controlar a hidratação de tais formações. Este trabalho se propõe a analisar fluidos de perfuração aquosos inibidos que se adequem a perfuração de argilas que sejam suscetíveis ao fenômeno do inchamento. Para isto, foram estudadas duas amostras de argila (Brasgel PA e Cloisite). Inicialmente, foram desenvolvidos fluidos de perfuração com quatro diferentes inibidores de argila expansiva (sulfato, acetato, citrato e cloreto de potássio), além de um fluido de perfuração sem a presença de inibidor. A partir disto, foram realizados os testes de inibição, determinação de água livre por sucção capilar, teste de inibição bentonítica e a dispersibilidade. A partir dos resultados, concluiu-se que foram desenvolvidos com êxito fluidos de perfuração que apresentam satisfatórias propriedades inibitivas. De modo geral, os resultados obtidos indicam que o inibidor citrato de potássio apresentou o melhor controle da reatividade de formações reativas e que o mesmo se constitui em um produto alternativo à substituição dos inibidores comerciais utilizados pela indústria.
Palavras-chave
Fluidos de perfuração, Argilas reativas, Inibidores de inchamento.
Abstract
The applicability of aqueous based drilling fluids with high power inhibition is directed to perforations sections that comprise of shales and hydratable clays, and contribute to remedy wells stability problems that are related to the inability of the drilling fluid to control the hydration of such formations. This study aims to analyze inhibited aqueous drilling fluids that meet the drilling clays that are susceptible to swelling phenomenon. For this, were studied two samples of clay (Brasgel and Cloisite PA). Initially, drilling fluids were designed with four different inhibitors of expansive clay (sulfate, acetate, citrate and potassium chloride) in addition to a drilling fluid without the presence of inhibitor. From this, the inhibition tests have been performed, determination of free water by capillary suction, bentonite inhibition test and dispersibility. From the results, it was concluded that have been successfully developed drilling fluids which have satisfactory inhibition properties. Overall, the results indicate that the potassium citrate inhibitory, showed better reactivity control of the reactive formations and this way it constitutes an alternative product to substitute commercial inhibitors used in industry.
Keywords
Drilling fluids, Reactive clays, Swelling inhibitors.
Referências
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2 Kehew E. Geology for engineers and environmental scientists. 3. ed. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice Hall; 2006.
3 Cardoso JJB. Estudo do inchamento de bentonitas sódicas e avaliação do desempenho de inibidores pela difração de raios X [dissertação de mestrado]. Rio de Janeiro. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; 2005.
4 Niu M, Wang S, Han X, Jiang X. Yield and characteristics of shale oil from the retorting of oil shale and fine oil- shale ash mixtures. Applied Energy. 2013;111:234-239. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2013.04.089.
5 Van Oort E. On the physical and chemical stability of shales. Journal of Petroleum Science Engineering. 2003;38(3-4):213-235. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0920-4105(03)00034-2.
6 Hawkes CD, Mclellan, PJ, Ruan C, Maurer W. Wellbore instability in shales: a review of fundamental principles and GRI-funded research. Texas: GRI Project Manager; 2000.
7 Fontoura SAB. Geotechnical behavior of sedimentary argillaceous rocks. In: Proceedings of the 5th Asian Rock Mechanics Symposium; 2008; Tehran, Iran. Portugal: ISRM; 2009. p. 59-72.
8 Yan C, Deng J. Welbore stability in oil and gas with chemical-mechanical coupling. Scientific World Journal. 2013;2013:1-9.
9 Ghassemi A, Diek A, Santos H. Influence of coupled chemo-poro-thermoelastic processes on pore pressure and stress distributions around a wellbore in swelling shale. Journal of Petroleum Science Engineering. 2009;67(1-2):57-64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.petrol.2009.02.015.
10 Al-Bazali TM. The consequences of using concentrated salt solutions for mitigating wellbore instability in shales. Journal of Petroleum Science Engineering. 2012;80(1):94-101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.petrol.2011.10.005.
11 Lucena DV. Fluidos inibidos para perfuração de folhelhos [tese de doutorado]. Campina Grande: Universidade Federal de Campina Grande; 2014.
12 American Society for Testing and Materials – ASTM. ASTM D 5890-11: standard test method for swell index of clay mineral component of geosynthetic clay liners. West Conshohocken: ASTM; 2011.
13 Vidal ELF. [Relatório de estágio]. Natal; 2007. 27 p. Documento interno da PETROBRAS.
14 Patel A, Stamatakis E, Young S, Friedheim J. Advances in inhibitive water based drilling fluids: can they replace oil based muds? In: Proceedings of the Internation Syposium on Oilfield Chemistry; 1995; Houston, Texas, USA. Texas: Society of Petroleum Engineers; 1995.
15 Ferreira HS. Otimização do processo de organofilização de bentonitas visando seu uso em fluidos de perfuração não aquosos [tese de doutorado]. Campina Grande: Universidade Federal de Campina Grande; 2009.
16 Ewy R, Stankovich RJ. Shale-fluid interactions measured under simulated downhole conditions. In: Proceedings of the SPE/ISRM Rock Mechanics Conference; 2002; Irving, Texas, USA. Texas: Society of Petroleum Engineers; 2002.
2 Kehew E. Geology for engineers and environmental scientists. 3. ed. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice Hall; 2006.
3 Cardoso JJB. Estudo do inchamento de bentonitas sódicas e avaliação do desempenho de inibidores pela difração de raios X [dissertação de mestrado]. Rio de Janeiro. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; 2005.
4 Niu M, Wang S, Han X, Jiang X. Yield and characteristics of shale oil from the retorting of oil shale and fine oil- shale ash mixtures. Applied Energy. 2013;111:234-239. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2013.04.089.
5 Van Oort E. On the physical and chemical stability of shales. Journal of Petroleum Science Engineering. 2003;38(3-4):213-235. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0920-4105(03)00034-2.
6 Hawkes CD, Mclellan, PJ, Ruan C, Maurer W. Wellbore instability in shales: a review of fundamental principles and GRI-funded research. Texas: GRI Project Manager; 2000.
7 Fontoura SAB. Geotechnical behavior of sedimentary argillaceous rocks. In: Proceedings of the 5th Asian Rock Mechanics Symposium; 2008; Tehran, Iran. Portugal: ISRM; 2009. p. 59-72.
8 Yan C, Deng J. Welbore stability in oil and gas with chemical-mechanical coupling. Scientific World Journal. 2013;2013:1-9.
9 Ghassemi A, Diek A, Santos H. Influence of coupled chemo-poro-thermoelastic processes on pore pressure and stress distributions around a wellbore in swelling shale. Journal of Petroleum Science Engineering. 2009;67(1-2):57-64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.petrol.2009.02.015.
10 Al-Bazali TM. The consequences of using concentrated salt solutions for mitigating wellbore instability in shales. Journal of Petroleum Science Engineering. 2012;80(1):94-101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.petrol.2011.10.005.
11 Lucena DV. Fluidos inibidos para perfuração de folhelhos [tese de doutorado]. Campina Grande: Universidade Federal de Campina Grande; 2014.
12 American Society for Testing and Materials – ASTM. ASTM D 5890-11: standard test method for swell index of clay mineral component of geosynthetic clay liners. West Conshohocken: ASTM; 2011.
13 Vidal ELF. [Relatório de estágio]. Natal; 2007. 27 p. Documento interno da PETROBRAS.
14 Patel A, Stamatakis E, Young S, Friedheim J. Advances in inhibitive water based drilling fluids: can they replace oil based muds? In: Proceedings of the Internation Syposium on Oilfield Chemistry; 1995; Houston, Texas, USA. Texas: Society of Petroleum Engineers; 1995.
15 Ferreira HS. Otimização do processo de organofilização de bentonitas visando seu uso em fluidos de perfuração não aquosos [tese de doutorado]. Campina Grande: Universidade Federal de Campina Grande; 2009.
16 Ewy R, Stankovich RJ. Shale-fluid interactions measured under simulated downhole conditions. In: Proceedings of the SPE/ISRM Rock Mechanics Conference; 2002; Irving, Texas, USA. Texas: Society of Petroleum Engineers; 2002.
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