APLICAÇÃO DE DIAGNÓSTICO DE LIXIVIAÇÃO COMO SUPORTE À PESQUISA MINERAL DE MINÉRIO DE TRANSIÇÃO DE COBRE
LEACHING DIAGNOSTIC APPLICATION IN SUPPORT RESEARCH OF MINERAL COPPER TRANSITION ORE
Pereira, Antonio Clareti; Heck, Nicole Brandhuber; Gomes, Marta Ribeiro dos Santos
http://dx.doi.org/10.4322/2176-1523.0985
Tecnol. Metal. Mater. Min., vol.13, n3, p.242-247, 2016
Resumo
A execução de trabalhos necessários à definição de uma jazida, sua avaliação técnica e econômica exigem trabalhos coordenados de campo e laboratório. A correlação e interpretação dos dados colhidos, além dos trabalhos executados, diminuem as incertezas do tamanho da reserva e dos teores do metal de interesse. Estes dados, automaticamente, alimentam os estudos de viabilidade econômica que retroalimentam o trabalho de campo. Tratando-se de minérios de cobre de transição, uma parcela significativa apresenta baixa resposta aos processos de concentração física ou físico-química, seja por baixa liberabilidade dos minerais ou devido aos baixos teores do cobre ou enxofre. Os procedimentos experimentais para avaliação da extração do cobre (via rota hidrometalúrgica) por lixiviação em pilhas, na maioria das vezes apresentam baixa recuperação metalúrgica. O presente estudo desenvolve um procedimento experimental de diagnóstico de lixiviação para avaliar a dissolução de cobre por aplicação de meios lixiviantes distintos e sequenciais, apropriados à solubilização das fases minerais contendo cobre. Consequentemente, novas rotas de processamento hidrometalúrgico, além da lixiviação em pilha, tais como tanques atmosféricos ou em altas pressões, podem ser avaliadas. Ensaios de diagnóstico de lixiviação foram aplicados a minério de transição de recursos da região norte do Brasil, com três etapas sequenciais de tratamento: ácida, ácida redutora e etapa ácida oxidante. Após aplicar estas etapas a eficiência de dissolução do cobre aumentou de 65% para 96% para o minério de transição.
Palavras-chave
Cobre, Transição, Diagnóstico, Extração, Oxidado, Sulfetado.
Abstract
The technical and economic evaluation of a mineral deposit is defined through a integrated work of field and laboratory. The correlation and interpretation of data collected in addition to the work performed minimize the uncertainties of the size of the deposit and the metal content of interest. This database automatically feeds the economic feasibility studies supporting the fieldwork. A significant portion of transition copper ores show low recoveries to processes of physical or physic-chemical concentration, either by low liberation of minerals or due to low copper grades. The experimental procedures for evaluation of the copper extraction (hydrometallurgical route) by heap leaching were applied. The most showed low metal recovery. In this study it was developed an experimental diagnostic procedure to evaluate the dissolution of copper. It was used different mineral phases containing copper by separate and sequential leaching. Beyond the heap leaching, new hydrometallurgical processing routes may be evaluated, including atmospheric or high pressure tanks.
Keywords
Copper, Transition, Diagnostics, Extraction, Oxidized, Sulfide.
Referências
1 Mendes FD. Tratamento do minério de ouro-cobre de Igarapé Bahia através de lixiviação sulfúrica seguida de cianetação. Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - UFMG, Brasil, 116p., 1999. (Dissertação de Mestrado).
2 Swamy YV, Kar BBE, Mohanty JK. Physico-chemical characterization and sulphatization roasting of low-grade nickeliferous laterites. Hydrometallurgy. 69(1):89-98, 2003.
3 Botsis N, Van Bronswijk WE, Watling H. Sequential leaching of nickel laterite ores. In: Proceedings of the 1st AusIMM International Geometallurgy Conference; 2011 September 5-7; Brisbane, Australia. Brisbane: AusIMM the Minerals Institute; 2011. p. 335-346.
4 Celep O, Alp I, Deveci H, Vicil M. Characterization of refractory behaviour of complex gold/silver ore by diagnostic leaching. Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,19(3):707-713, 2009.
5 Das GKE, Lange JAB. Reductive atmospheric acid leaching of west australian smectitic nickel laterite in the presence of sulphur dioxide and copper (II). Hydrometallurgy. 2011;105,(3-4):264-269.
6 Kittelty,D.A. Low Eh leach with sulphur recycle. WO2008/138038 A1. - International Patent, 20 de NOV.de 2008.
7 Lorenzen L. An electrochemical study of the effect of potential on the selective dissolution of base metal sulphides in sulphuric acid. Minerals Engineering. 1992;5(3-5):535-545.
8 Saba M, Yousefi AM, Rashchi F, Moghaddam J. Diagnostic pre-treatment procedure for simultaneous cyanide leaching of gold and silver from a refractory gold/silver ore. Minerals Engineering. 2011;24(15):1703-1709.
9 Torres VM, Chaves APE, Meech JA. Process design for gold ores: a diagnostic approach. Minerals Engineering. 1999;12(3):245-254.
10 Zheng YLE, Muir DM. Dissolution of metal ferrites and iron oxides by HCl under oxidising and reducing conditions. Hydrometallurgy. 1988;21(1):9-21.
11 Lorenzen L. Some guidelines to the design of a diagnostic leaching experiment. Minerals Engineering. 1995;8(3):247-256.
12 Ilton ESE, Verblen DR. Origin and mode of copper enrichment in biotite from rocks associated with porphyry copper deposits; a transmission electron microscopy investigation. Economic Geology. 1993;88(4):885-900.
13 Habashi F. Handbook of extractive metallurgy. Quebec: Department de Mines et de Metallurgie, 1997. v. 4, 2379 p
2 Swamy YV, Kar BBE, Mohanty JK. Physico-chemical characterization and sulphatization roasting of low-grade nickeliferous laterites. Hydrometallurgy. 69(1):89-98, 2003.
3 Botsis N, Van Bronswijk WE, Watling H. Sequential leaching of nickel laterite ores. In: Proceedings of the 1st AusIMM International Geometallurgy Conference; 2011 September 5-7; Brisbane, Australia. Brisbane: AusIMM the Minerals Institute; 2011. p. 335-346.
4 Celep O, Alp I, Deveci H, Vicil M. Characterization of refractory behaviour of complex gold/silver ore by diagnostic leaching. Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,19(3):707-713, 2009.
5 Das GKE, Lange JAB. Reductive atmospheric acid leaching of west australian smectitic nickel laterite in the presence of sulphur dioxide and copper (II). Hydrometallurgy. 2011;105,(3-4):264-269.
6 Kittelty,D.A. Low Eh leach with sulphur recycle. WO2008/138038 A1. - International Patent, 20 de NOV.de 2008.
7 Lorenzen L. An electrochemical study of the effect of potential on the selective dissolution of base metal sulphides in sulphuric acid. Minerals Engineering. 1992;5(3-5):535-545.
8 Saba M, Yousefi AM, Rashchi F, Moghaddam J. Diagnostic pre-treatment procedure for simultaneous cyanide leaching of gold and silver from a refractory gold/silver ore. Minerals Engineering. 2011;24(15):1703-1709.
9 Torres VM, Chaves APE, Meech JA. Process design for gold ores: a diagnostic approach. Minerals Engineering. 1999;12(3):245-254.
10 Zheng YLE, Muir DM. Dissolution of metal ferrites and iron oxides by HCl under oxidising and reducing conditions. Hydrometallurgy. 1988;21(1):9-21.
11 Lorenzen L. Some guidelines to the design of a diagnostic leaching experiment. Minerals Engineering. 1995;8(3):247-256.
12 Ilton ESE, Verblen DR. Origin and mode of copper enrichment in biotite from rocks associated with porphyry copper deposits; a transmission electron microscopy investigation. Economic Geology. 1993;88(4):885-900.
13 Habashi F. Handbook of extractive metallurgy. Quebec: Department de Mines et de Metallurgie, 1997. v. 4, 2379 p
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