CORRELAÇÃO ENTRE HISTÓRIA TÉRMICA E QUALIDADE DA JUNTA NO PROCESSO DE FSW DA LIGA DE ALUMÍNIO 5182-O
CORRELATION BETWEEN THERMAL-HISTORY AND WELD QUALITY IN FRICTION STIR WELDING OF ALUMINUM 5182-O
Almeida, Diego Tolotti de; Souza, João Henrique Corrêa de; Clarke, Thomas Gabriel Rossauro
http://dx.doi.org/10.4322/2176-1523.1089
Tecnol. Metal. Mater. Min., vol.13, n4, p.316-325, 2016
Resumo
No presente estudo foram realizadas séries de soldas pelo processo de FSW em junta de topo, utilizando-se chapas planas de alumínio 5182-O, variando-se a velocidade de soldagem e utilizando uma ferramenta inteiriça de pino cônico com rosca e ombro plano, fabricada em aço VF800 AT. A qualidade das juntas soldadas em termos de aspecto superficial foi verificada por inspeção visual. As propriedades mecânicas foram obtidas através de ensaios de tração, dobramento, microdureza e imagens microestruturais. Uma janela ótima de trabalho foi determinada com base nos resultados dos ensaios mecânicos, e assim estabelecida uma correlação entre o aporte térmico na soldagem e o resultado do processo
Palavras-chave
Soldagem por fricção (FSW), Soldadura no estado sólido, Aporte térmico, AA 5182-O.
Abstract
In the present study, series of friction stir welded butt joints in aluminum 5182-O sheets were produced using a conical pin with plain shoulder made of VF800-at steel at various welding speeds. Welding quality was evaluated through visual inspection, tensile tests, bending tests, micro hardness and metallography. An optimal process window was identified based on the results of mechanical tests, thus establishing a correlation between thermal input and quality of welding.
Keywords
Friction Stir Welding (FSW), Solid state welding, Heat input, AA 5182-O.
Referências
1 Thomas WMED, Nicholas JC, Needham MG, Murch P, Templesmith CJ, Dawes GB. Improvements to Friction Welding. GB Patent Application No. 9125978.8. 1991 Dec.
2 Hiller DJ. Estudo de parâmetros e percursos no processo de soldagem de mistura por atrito (FSW) da liga de alumínio 5052 [dissertação de mestrado]. Rio de Janeiro: Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; 2007.
3 Dawes CJ, Spurgin EJR, Staines DG. Friction Stir Welding aluminum alloy 5083: increased welding speed. Cambridge: The Welding Institute; 1999. (TWI Report, 684).
4 Mishra RS, Ma ZY. Friction Stir Welding and processing. Materials Science and Engineering. 2005;50:1-78.
5 Kozminski ELO. Análise microestrutural e avaliação mecânica de juntas soldadas por fricção e mistura mecânica (FSW) do aço inoxidável dúplex UNS S31803 [dissertação de mestrado]. Porto Alegre: Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; 2015.
6 Almeida DT. Estudo dos parâmetros no processo de soldagem de mistura por atrito (FSW) da liga de alumínio 5083-O. Monografia, UNIJUÍ, Panambi, 2013.
7 Nandan R, Debroy T, Bhadeshia HKDH. Recent advances in Friction Stir Welding – process, weldment structure and proprieties. Progress in Materials Science. 2008;53:980-1023.
8 Threadgill PL, Nunn ME. A review of Friction Stir Welding: part 1, process review. Cambridge: The Welding Institute; 2003. (TWI Report, 760).
9 Mottalleb-Nejad P, Saeid T, Heidarzadeh A, Darzi K, Ashjari M. Effect of tool pin profile on microstructure and mechanical properties of friction stir welded AZ31B magnesium alloy. Materials & Design. 2014;59:221-226.
10 Guerra M, Schmidt C, Mcclure JC. Flow patterns during friction stir welding. Materials Characterization. 2003;49:95-101.
11 Schmidt HNB, Dickerson TL, Hattel JH. Material flow in butt friction stir welds in AA2024-T3 H.N.B. Acta Materialia. 2006;54:1199-1209.
12 Wei LY, Nelson TW. Correlation of microstructures and process variables in FSW HSLA-65 steel. Welding Journal. 2011;90:95-101.
13 Sutton MA, Reynolds AP, Yang B, Taylor R. Mixed mode I/II fracture of 2024-T3 friction stir welds. Engineering Fracture Mechanics. 2003;70:2215-2234.
14 Cederqvist L, Reynolds AP. Factors affecting the properties of Friction Stir Welding aluminum lap joints. Welding Journal, 2002;80(Supplement):1-7.
15 Vilaça P, Quintino L, Santos JF. iSTIR: analytical thermal model for friction stir welding. Journal of Materials Processing Technology. 2005;169:452-465.
16 Kumar K, Satish V, Kailas V. The role of Friction Stir Welding tool on material flow and weld formation. Materials Science and Engineering A. 2008;485:367-374.
17 Mishra RS, Mahoney MW. Friction Stir Welding and processing. Ohio: ASM International; 2007.
18 Leonard AJ, Lockyer SA. Flaws in friction stir welds. In: Proceedings of the 4th International Symposium on Friction Stir Welding; 2003; Park City, USA. Cambridge: The Welding Institute; 2003.
19 Kim YG, Fujii H, Tsumura T, Komozaki T, Nakata K. Three defect types in Friction Stir Welding of aluminum die casting alloy. Materials Science and Engineering A. 2006;415:250-254.
20 Doude H, Schneider B, Patton B, Stafford S, Waters C, Varner C. Optimizing weld quality of a friction stir welded aluminum alloy. Journal of Materials Processing Technology. 2015;222:188-196.
21 Arbegast WJ. A flow-partitioned deformation zone model for defect formation during friction stir welding. Scripta Materialia. 2008;58:372-376.
22 Elangovan K, Balasubramanian V. Influences of pin profile and rotational speed of the tool on the formation of friction stir processing zone in AA2219aluminium alloy. Materials Science and Engineering A. 2007;459:7-18.
23 Associação Brasileira de Normas Técnicas. ABNT NBR 6834: alumínio e suas ligas: classificação da composição química. São Paulo: ABNT; 2006.
24 Associação Brasileira de Normas Técnicas. ABNT NBR 7823: alumínio e suas ligas: chapas – propriedades mecânicas. São Paulo: ABNT; 2007.
25 Cook GE, Cox CD, Hendricks CE. Controlling robotic friction stir welding. Welding Journal. 2003;82(6):28-34.
26 Thomas WM, Minus I, Smith PT. Friction Stir Welding of an aluminum alloy: effects of tool geometry. Cambridge: The Welding Institute; 1999. (Report, 668).
27 Carletti CB. Propriedades mecânicas de juntas sobrepostas da liga Al 6061 soldadas por FSW [dissertação de mestrado]. São Carlos: Universidade Federal de São Carlos; 2002.
28 Theodoro MC. Soldagem por atrito com pino não-consumível em juntas dissimilares de aços inoxidáveis austeníticos UNS S31603 e superduplex UNS S32750 [dissertação de mestrado]. Campinas: Universidade Estadual de Campinas; 2013.
29 Gibson BT, Lammlein DH, Prater TJ, Longhurst WR. Friction stir welding: process, automation and control. Journal of Manufacturing Processes. 2014;16(1):56-73.
2 Hiller DJ. Estudo de parâmetros e percursos no processo de soldagem de mistura por atrito (FSW) da liga de alumínio 5052 [dissertação de mestrado]. Rio de Janeiro: Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; 2007.
3 Dawes CJ, Spurgin EJR, Staines DG. Friction Stir Welding aluminum alloy 5083: increased welding speed. Cambridge: The Welding Institute; 1999. (TWI Report, 684).
4 Mishra RS, Ma ZY. Friction Stir Welding and processing. Materials Science and Engineering. 2005;50:1-78.
5 Kozminski ELO. Análise microestrutural e avaliação mecânica de juntas soldadas por fricção e mistura mecânica (FSW) do aço inoxidável dúplex UNS S31803 [dissertação de mestrado]. Porto Alegre: Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; 2015.
6 Almeida DT. Estudo dos parâmetros no processo de soldagem de mistura por atrito (FSW) da liga de alumínio 5083-O. Monografia, UNIJUÍ, Panambi, 2013.
7 Nandan R, Debroy T, Bhadeshia HKDH. Recent advances in Friction Stir Welding – process, weldment structure and proprieties. Progress in Materials Science. 2008;53:980-1023.
8 Threadgill PL, Nunn ME. A review of Friction Stir Welding: part 1, process review. Cambridge: The Welding Institute; 2003. (TWI Report, 760).
9 Mottalleb-Nejad P, Saeid T, Heidarzadeh A, Darzi K, Ashjari M. Effect of tool pin profile on microstructure and mechanical properties of friction stir welded AZ31B magnesium alloy. Materials & Design. 2014;59:221-226.
10 Guerra M, Schmidt C, Mcclure JC. Flow patterns during friction stir welding. Materials Characterization. 2003;49:95-101.
11 Schmidt HNB, Dickerson TL, Hattel JH. Material flow in butt friction stir welds in AA2024-T3 H.N.B. Acta Materialia. 2006;54:1199-1209.
12 Wei LY, Nelson TW. Correlation of microstructures and process variables in FSW HSLA-65 steel. Welding Journal. 2011;90:95-101.
13 Sutton MA, Reynolds AP, Yang B, Taylor R. Mixed mode I/II fracture of 2024-T3 friction stir welds. Engineering Fracture Mechanics. 2003;70:2215-2234.
14 Cederqvist L, Reynolds AP. Factors affecting the properties of Friction Stir Welding aluminum lap joints. Welding Journal, 2002;80(Supplement):1-7.
15 Vilaça P, Quintino L, Santos JF. iSTIR: analytical thermal model for friction stir welding. Journal of Materials Processing Technology. 2005;169:452-465.
16 Kumar K, Satish V, Kailas V. The role of Friction Stir Welding tool on material flow and weld formation. Materials Science and Engineering A. 2008;485:367-374.
17 Mishra RS, Mahoney MW. Friction Stir Welding and processing. Ohio: ASM International; 2007.
18 Leonard AJ, Lockyer SA. Flaws in friction stir welds. In: Proceedings of the 4th International Symposium on Friction Stir Welding; 2003; Park City, USA. Cambridge: The Welding Institute; 2003.
19 Kim YG, Fujii H, Tsumura T, Komozaki T, Nakata K. Three defect types in Friction Stir Welding of aluminum die casting alloy. Materials Science and Engineering A. 2006;415:250-254.
20 Doude H, Schneider B, Patton B, Stafford S, Waters C, Varner C. Optimizing weld quality of a friction stir welded aluminum alloy. Journal of Materials Processing Technology. 2015;222:188-196.
21 Arbegast WJ. A flow-partitioned deformation zone model for defect formation during friction stir welding. Scripta Materialia. 2008;58:372-376.
22 Elangovan K, Balasubramanian V. Influences of pin profile and rotational speed of the tool on the formation of friction stir processing zone in AA2219aluminium alloy. Materials Science and Engineering A. 2007;459:7-18.
23 Associação Brasileira de Normas Técnicas. ABNT NBR 6834: alumínio e suas ligas: classificação da composição química. São Paulo: ABNT; 2006.
24 Associação Brasileira de Normas Técnicas. ABNT NBR 7823: alumínio e suas ligas: chapas – propriedades mecânicas. São Paulo: ABNT; 2007.
25 Cook GE, Cox CD, Hendricks CE. Controlling robotic friction stir welding. Welding Journal. 2003;82(6):28-34.
26 Thomas WM, Minus I, Smith PT. Friction Stir Welding of an aluminum alloy: effects of tool geometry. Cambridge: The Welding Institute; 1999. (Report, 668).
27 Carletti CB. Propriedades mecânicas de juntas sobrepostas da liga Al 6061 soldadas por FSW [dissertação de mestrado]. São Carlos: Universidade Federal de São Carlos; 2002.
28 Theodoro MC. Soldagem por atrito com pino não-consumível em juntas dissimilares de aços inoxidáveis austeníticos UNS S31603 e superduplex UNS S32750 [dissertação de mestrado]. Campinas: Universidade Estadual de Campinas; 2013.
29 Gibson BT, Lammlein DH, Prater TJ, Longhurst WR. Friction stir welding: process, automation and control. Journal of Manufacturing Processes. 2014;16(1):56-73.
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