Tribological evaluation of duplex treatment of plasma nitriding/ oxidation applied to injection mold extraction system
Tiago Marcelo Reis, Aline Luísa Bandeira Dotta, Maria Cristina Moré Farias, Alexandre Luís Gasparin
Resumo
This work analyzes the application of surface treatment of plasma nitriding with post-oxidation applied to injection mold extractor pins to reduce the injection cycle’s interruptions for mold lubrication. For that, a device that simulates the operation of the injection mold extraction system was created. Wear was evaluated by mass loss and dimensional variation of the extraction pins and their bushings. The samples were characterized by microhardness and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The wear mechanisms were identified by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the coefficient of friction was analyzed employing a ball-on-plate tribological test. The results showed that the proposed system with plasma nitriding and postoxidation meets the requirements with a lubrication interval twice as long as the current system.
Palavras-chave
References
1 Kazmer DO. Injection mold design engineering. Munich: Hanser; 2007.
2 Menges G, Michaeli W, Mohren P. How to make injection molds. Munich: Hanser; 2001.
3 Jisheng E, Gawne DT. Effect of thermochemical treatments on the sliding wear mechanisms of steels under boundary lubrication. Tribology Transactions. 2008;42:626-632.
4 Leite MV, Figueroa CA, Gallo SC, Rovani AC, Basso RLO, Mei PR, et al. Wear mechanisms and microstructure of pulsed plasma nitrided AISI H13 tool steel. Wear. 2010;269(5-6):466-472. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wear.2010.04.037.
5 Alsaran A, Altun H, Karakan M, Çelik A. Effect of post-oxidizing on tribological and corrosion behavior of plasma nitrided AISI 5140 steel. Surface and Coatings Technology. 2004;176(3):344-348. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0257-8972(03)00770-9.
6 Deutsches Institut fur Normung. DIN 1530/11: tools for molding. Berlin: DIN; 2011.
7 Kozaburo U. Stainless steel ejector pin. JPS616252A. 1987.
8 Aghajani H, Behrangi S. Plasma nitriding of steels. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2017.
9 Nayebpashaee N, Soltanieh M, Kheirandish S. A study on formation and growth mechanism of nitride layers during plasma nitriding process of plastic injection mold steel. Materials and Manufacturing Processes. 2016;31(9):1192-1200.
10 Menezes CM, Bogoni N Jr, Barrirero J, Aboulfadl H, Mücklich F, Figueroa CA. Influence of the surface chemistrystructure relationship on the nanoscale friction of nitrided and post-oxidized iron. Surface and Coatings Technology. 2016;308:220-225.
11 Pérez M, Belzunce FJ. A comparative study of salt-bath nitrocarburizing and gas nitriding followed by postoxidation used as surface treatments of H13 hot forging dies. Surface and Coatings Technology. 2016;305:146-157.
12 Mahboubi F, Fattah M. Duplex treatment of plasma nitriding and plasma oxidation of plain carbon steel. Vacuum. 2005;79(1-2):1-6.
13 Freislebem M, Menezes CM, Cemin F, Costi FB, Ferreira PA, Aguzzoli C, et al. Influence of the chemical surface structure on the nanoscale friction in plasma nitrided and post-oxidized ferrous alloy. Applied Physics Letters. 2014;105(11):111603.
14 Bhushan B. Modern tribology handbook. 2. Materials, coatings, and industrial applications. Boca Raton: CRC Press; 2001.
15 Wu T, Wang J, Peng Y, Zhang Y. Description of wear debris from on-line ferrograph images by their statistical color. Tribology Transactions. 2012;55(5):606-614. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10402004.2012.686086.
16 Zum Gahr KH. Microstructure and wear of materials. Amsterdam: Elsevier; 1987.
17 Kruschov MM. Resistance of metals to wear by abrasion, as related to hardness. In: Proceedings of the Conference on Lubrication and Wear; 1957; London. London: IME; 1957.
18 American Society for Testing & Materials. ASTM E92-16: standard test methods for vickers hardness and knoop hardness of metallic materials. West Conshohocken: ASTM ; 2016.
19 International Organization for Standardization. ISO BS EN 286-1:2010: Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS): ISO code system for tolerances on linear sizes. Geneve: ISO; 2010.
20 Karamış MB, Yıldızlı K, Çarkıt Aydın G. Sliding/rolling wear performance of plasma nitrided H11 hot working steel. Tribology International. 2012;51:18-24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.triboint.2012.02.005.
21 Cruz MR, Nachez L, Gomez BJ, Nosei L, Feugeas JN, Staia MH. Ion nitrided AISI H13 tool steel part I–microstructural aspects. Surface Engineering. 2006;22(5):359-366. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/174329406X126663.
22 Borgioli F, Galvanetto E, Fossati A, Bacci T. Glow-discharge nitriding and post-oxidizing treatments of AISI H11 steel. Surface and Coatings Technology. 2003;162(1):61-66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0257-8972(02)00574-1.
23 Panfil D, Kulka M, Wach P, Michalski J, Przestacki D. Nanomechanical properties of iron nitrides produced on 42CrMo4 steel by controlled gas nitriding and laser heat treatment. Journal of Alloys and Compounds. 2017;706:63-75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2017.02.220.
Submitted date:
06/09/2019
Accepted date:
07/06/2020
Facebook
Google+
Twitter
LinkedIn
Mendeley
StumbleUpon
CiteULike
Reddit
Email