Benefícios na utilização da frota elétrica para ventilação de mina subterrânea
Benefits of using the electric fleet for underground mine ventilation
Leandro de Vilhena Costa, José Margarida da Silva
Resumo
O desenvolvimento de equipamentos elétricos permitiu a utilização de uma energia mais limpa em minas subterrâneas. A recente aplicação dessa tecnologia em carregadeiras LHD e caminhões viabilizou sua aplicação em minas no Canadá e na Suécia. Além de eliminar as emissões de poluentes, estima-se que a utilização da frota elétrica apresente um potencial de redução de aproximadamente 40% na demanda por ventilação devido a zero emissão de gases e da menor emissão de calor dos veículos elétricos. Entretanto, há poucos estudos técnicos e de aplicação na prática. Apesar dos benefícios ambientais, financeiros e de saúde ocupacional, observa-se a preferência pela tecnologia a diesel dificultando a expansão da frota elétrica em todo mundo. Nesse contexto, este artigo busca analisar para uma mina de ouro, localizada na região central de Minas Gerais, aplicação da tecnologia elétrica atualmente disponível para mineração e quantificar qual o potencial impacto sobre sistemas de ventilação com a substituição de 100% da frota diesel pela elétrica. Outra questão seria avaliar o potencial impacto que a adoção de frota elétrica representaria em uma mina nas condições brasileiras, respeitando as normas regulatórias vigentes.
Palavras-chave
Abstract
The development of electrical equipment allowed the use of more clean energy in underground mines. The recent application of this technology in LHD loaders and trucks has enabled its application in mines in Canada and Sweden. In addition to eliminating pollutant emissions, it is estimated that the use of the electric fleet has a potential reduction of approximately 40% in demand for ventilation due to zero emissions of gases and lower heat emissions from electric fleet. However, there are few technical and application studies in practice. Despite the environmental, financial and occupational health benefits, the preference for diesel technology is observed, making it difficult to expand the electric fleet worldwide. In this context, this article seeks to analyze the application of electrical technology currently available for mining and quantify the potential impact on ventilation systems with the replacement of 100% diesel by electric. Another issue would be to evaluate the potential impact that the adoption of an electric fleet would represent in a mine under Brazilian conditions, respecting the current regulatory standards.
Keywords
Referências
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Submetido em:
11/06/2020
Aceito em:
26/01/2021
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