Influência do controle dos parâmetros de eletrodeposição na qualidade
do revestimento de níquel sobre substrato de cobre eletrolítico

Verenice Andrade Costa; Nayara Aparecida Neres da Silva; Taíse Matte Manhabosco

doi:10.4322/2176-1523.20253211

Artigo Original

Influência do controle dos parâmetros de eletrodeposição na qualidade do revestimento de níquel sobre substrato de cobre eletrolítico

Influence of electrodeposition parameterc on the quality of nickel coating on electrolytic copper substrate

Verenice Andrade Costa, Nayara Aparecida Neres da Silva, Taíse Matte Manhabosco

http://dx.doi.org/10.4322/2176-1523.20253211 Tecnol. Metal. Mater. Min., vol.22, e3211, 2025

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Resumo

A eletrodeposição consolidou-se como uma das técnicas mais empregadas para a produção de revestimentos de níquel, sendo amplamente reconhecida por sua simplicidade operacional, baixo custo e elevada eficiência. Neste estudo, revestimentos de níquel foram eletrodepositados em cobre eletrolítico usando uma solução tipo Watts, derivada do banho de sulfato de níquel e adaptada às condições experimentais. A obtenção de depósitos com distribuição e morfologia homogêneas, além de espessura uniforme, depende de parâmetros de processamento cruciais, como a temperatura do banho, a densidade de corrente aplicada, o pH e as concentrações dos reagentes. Assim, esses parâmetros foram cuidadosamente controlados com base em faixas estabelecidas na literatura, levando em consideração requisitos industriais e utilizando um banho isotérmico com controle de pH e densidade de corrente. As amostras produzidas foram caracterizadas em relação ao comportamento mecânico e à morfologia dos revestimentos, permitindo uma avaliação abrangente de suas propriedades e adequação às aplicações pretendidas.

Palavras-chave

Eletrodeposição; Solução níquel Watts; Controle de processo; Caracterização de filmes

Abstract

Electrodeposition has become one of the most widely used techniques to produce nickel coatings, recognized for its simple operation, low cost, and high efficiency. In this study, nickel coatings were electrodeposited onto electrolytic copper using a Watts-type solution, derived from a nickel sulfate bath and adapted to the experimental conditions. The achievement of deposits with homogeneous distribution and morphology, as well as uniform thickness, depends on crucial processing parameters such as bath temperature, applied current density, pH, and reagent concentrations. These parameters were carefully controlled based on ranges established in the literature, considering industrial requirements, and utilizing an isothermal bath with control of pH and current density. The produced samples were characterized in terms of mechanical behavior and coating morphology, allowing a comprehensive assessment of their properties and suitability for the intended applications.

Keywords

Electrodeposition; Watts nickel solution; Process control; Film characterization

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Submetido em:
22/01/2025

Aceito em:
14/08/2025