Blast furnace decarbonization via gas injection: impacts on costs and CO2 emissions
Bernardo Loureiro Patto; Michel Haag; Rene Gaiola; Alain Islas Montero; Gustavo Germano Pereira
Abstract
The effects of injecting hydrogen, natural gas and coke oven gas into blast furnace tuyeres were analyzed to determine their influence on coke rate reduction, operational costs, and CO2 emissions. The results indicate that H2 is the most efficient in coke replacement by mass (1.0-2.0 kg coke/ kg H2) and offers the highest CO2 emission reduction but increases production costs. NG shows intermediate replacement ratio (0.8-0.9 kg coke/kg NG), the lowest CO2 savings and raises production costs. In contrast, COG, despite a lower substitution rate (0.4-0.8 kg coke/kg COG) and intermediate CO2 emissions reduction, leads to savings in production costs, potentially generating over €6.3 million annually for the analysed blast furnace. According to the study, COG is an economically viable and attractive option for reducing emissions in the Brazilian steel industry.
Keywords
Referências
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Submetido em:
03/10/2025
Aceito em:
01/06/2026
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