UTILIZAÇÃO DA NITRETAÇÃO SOB PLASMA COMO PRÉ-TRATAMENTO AO REVESTIMENTO TiN-PVD NA GERAÇÃO DE SUPERFÍCIES DÚPLEX NO AÇO AISI H13
USE OF PLASMA A NITRIDING PRE-TREATMENT AND TiN-PVD FOR GENERATION OF DUPLEX SURFACE ON AISI H13 STEEL
Franco Junior, Adonias Ribeiro; Pinedo, Carlos Eduardo; Tschiptschin, André Paulo
http://dx.doi.org/10.4322/tmm.00503010
Tecnol. Metal. Mater., vol.5, n3, p.179-185, 2009
Resumo
Este trabalho apresenta o estudo da adesão de revestimentos de TiN-PVD em aço ferramenta para trabalho a quente tipo AISI H13, após pré-tratamento de nitretação sob plasma. A nitretação sob plasma foi conduzida a 520°C, sob diferentes misturas gasosas e tempos. Após a nitretação sob plasma as amostras foram revestidas com TiN. A adesão do TiN foi avaliada pelo método de indentação Daimler-Benz. As cargas críticas de ensaio (LC) foram avaliadas após o trincamento do revestimento (LC1) e após a delaminação (LC2). A adesão do revestimento é dependente das propriedades mecânicas da camada nitretada na região da interface. A adesão aumenta quando a relação H/E e o grau de recuperação elástica da camada nitretada torna-se próximo ao do TiN.
Palavras-chave
Nitretação por plasma, Superfícies, Revestimento, Adesão
Abstract
Coating adhesion on hot work tool steels type AISI H13 after plasma pre-nitriding treatment is studied. Nitriding treatments were carried out at 520°C using different gas mixtures and time. After plasma nitriding surfaces were TiN coated by PVD. Adhesion was evaluated using Daimler-Benz indentation method. Critical failure loads (LC) were determined for coating cracking (LC1) and coating delamination (LC2). Coating adhesion is dependent on the mechanical properties of the pre-nitrided surface close to the interface. Adhesion increases when the H/E ratio and the degree of elastic recovery of the plasma nitrided case become close to that of TiN.
Keywords
Plasma nitriding, Surface, Coating, Adhesion
Referências
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10 YAKUSHIJI, M.; IKENAGA, M.; ISHII, Y. Surface modification by duplex process consisted of radical nitriding and PVD. Materials Science Forum, v. 426-32, v. 3, p. 2611-6. July 2003.
11 Höck, K.; Spies, H.J. ; Larisch, B.; Leonhardt, G.; Bücken, B. Wear resistance of prenitrided hardcoat steels for tools and machine components. Surface and Coatings Technology, v. 88, n.1-3, p. 44-49, Jan. 1996.
12 Perillo, P. Mejora de la adherencia de recubrimientos duros sobre aceros en base a métodos de pretratamiento del sustrato por procesos de plasma. 1998. 94p. Tesis (Maestría) – Instituto Tecnológico Prof. J.A. Sábato/CNEA, Buenos Aires, 1998.
13 Kadléc, J.; Hrubý, V.; Novák, M. Influencing properties of high-speed cutting steel, ion-nitrided and subsequently coated. Vacuum, v. 41, n. 7-9, p. 2226-2229, 1990.
14 Franco Jr., A.R.; Pintaúde, G.; Sinatora A.; Pinedo, C.E.; TSCHIPTSCHIN, A. The use of a Vickers indenter in depth sensing indentation for measuring elastic modulus and Vickers hardness. Materials Research, v. 7., n. 3, p. 483-491, July-Sept. 2004
15 Oliver, W.C.; Pharr, G.M. An improved technique for determining hardness and elastic modulus using load and sensing indentation experiments. Journal of Materials Research, v. 7, n. 6, p. 1564-1582, June 1992.
16 Heinke, W.; Leyland, A.; Matthews, A.; Berg, G.; Friedrich, C.; Broszeit, E. Evaluation of PVD nitride coatings, using impact, scratch and Rockwell-C adhesion tests. Thin Solids Films, v. 270, n. 1-2, p. 431-438, Dec. 1995.
17 Sun, Y.; Bell, T. Computer prediction of threshold nitriding potential. Heat Treatment of Metals, v. 24, n.2, p. 43-49, Apr.-June 1997.
18 Franco Jr., A.R.; Pinedo, C.E.; Tschiptschin, A.P. Influence of the plasma nitriding pre-treatment on wear and adhesion of PVD/TiN coating. In: INTERNATIONAL TOOLING CONFERENCE, 7., 2006, Torino, Italy. Torino, 2006, v. 1, p. 457-463
19 Franco Jr., A.R.; Ospina, C.M.G.; Tschiptschin, A.P. Análise numérica e experimental da cinética de nitretação a plasma de aços-ferramenta. Tecnologia em Metalurgia e Materiais, v. 1, n.1, p. 6-11, July-Sept. 2004.
20 Souza, R.M.; Sinatora, A.; Mustoe, G.G.W.; Moore, J.J. Numerical and experimental study of the circular cracks observed at the contact edges of the indentation of coated systems with soft substrates. Wear, v. 251, n.1-12, p. 1337-1346, Oct. 2001.
21 Hedenqvist, P.; Olsson, M.; Söderberg, S. Failure mode analysis of TiN-coated high speed steel: In situ scratch testing in the scanning electron microscopy. Surface and Coatings Technology, v. 41, n.1, p. 31-49, Feb. 1990.
2 Dingremont, N.; Bergmann, E.; Collignon, P.; Michel, H. Optimization of duplex coatings built from nitriding and ion-plating with continuous operation for construction and hot working steels. Surface and Coatings Technology, v. 72, n. 3, p. 163-168, June 1995.
3 Vetter, J.; Michler, T.; Steuernage, l.H. Hard coatings on thermochemically pretreated soft steels: application potential for ball valves. Surface and Coatings Technology, v.111, n.2-3 p. 210-219, Jan. 1999.
4 Sun, Y.; Bell, T. Plasma surface engineering of low alloy steel, Materials Science and Engineering A, v. 140, p. 419-434, July 1991.
5 Korhonen, A.S.; Sirvio, E.H., Sulonen, M.S. Plasma nitriding and ion plating with an intensified glow discharge. Thin Solid Films, v. 107, n.4, p.387-394, Sept. 1983.
6 Bergmann, E.; van der Kolk, G.I.; Buil, B.; Hurkmans, T. The next generation of deposition equipment for wear protection coatings. Surface and Coating Technology, v. 114, n.1, p.101-107, Apr. 1999.
7 Sato, T.; Sugai, K.; Ueda, K.; Matsunami, K.; Yasuoka, M. Development of a hybrid coating process as an advanced surface modifications for cutting tools and moulds. Surface and Coatings Technology, v. 169-170, n. 2, p. 45-8, June 2003.
8 Höck, K.; Leonhardt, G.; Bücken, B.; Spies, H.J.; Larisch, B. Process technological aspects of the production and properties of in situ combined plasma-nitrided and PVD hard-coated high alloy tool steels. Surface and Coatings Technology, v. 74-75, n.1, p. 339-344, Sept. 1995.
9 Hüchel, U.; Bramers, S.; Crummenauer, J.; Dressler, S.; Kinkel, S. Single cycle, combination layers with plasma assistance. Surface and Coatings Technology, v. 76, n. 1-3, p. 211-217, Nov. 1995.
10 YAKUSHIJI, M.; IKENAGA, M.; ISHII, Y. Surface modification by duplex process consisted of radical nitriding and PVD. Materials Science Forum, v. 426-32, v. 3, p. 2611-6. July 2003.
11 Höck, K.; Spies, H.J. ; Larisch, B.; Leonhardt, G.; Bücken, B. Wear resistance of prenitrided hardcoat steels for tools and machine components. Surface and Coatings Technology, v. 88, n.1-3, p. 44-49, Jan. 1996.
12 Perillo, P. Mejora de la adherencia de recubrimientos duros sobre aceros en base a métodos de pretratamiento del sustrato por procesos de plasma. 1998. 94p. Tesis (Maestría) – Instituto Tecnológico Prof. J.A. Sábato/CNEA, Buenos Aires, 1998.
13 Kadléc, J.; Hrubý, V.; Novák, M. Influencing properties of high-speed cutting steel, ion-nitrided and subsequently coated. Vacuum, v. 41, n. 7-9, p. 2226-2229, 1990.
14 Franco Jr., A.R.; Pintaúde, G.; Sinatora A.; Pinedo, C.E.; TSCHIPTSCHIN, A. The use of a Vickers indenter in depth sensing indentation for measuring elastic modulus and Vickers hardness. Materials Research, v. 7., n. 3, p. 483-491, July-Sept. 2004
15 Oliver, W.C.; Pharr, G.M. An improved technique for determining hardness and elastic modulus using load and sensing indentation experiments. Journal of Materials Research, v. 7, n. 6, p. 1564-1582, June 1992.
16 Heinke, W.; Leyland, A.; Matthews, A.; Berg, G.; Friedrich, C.; Broszeit, E. Evaluation of PVD nitride coatings, using impact, scratch and Rockwell-C adhesion tests. Thin Solids Films, v. 270, n. 1-2, p. 431-438, Dec. 1995.
17 Sun, Y.; Bell, T. Computer prediction of threshold nitriding potential. Heat Treatment of Metals, v. 24, n.2, p. 43-49, Apr.-June 1997.
18 Franco Jr., A.R.; Pinedo, C.E.; Tschiptschin, A.P. Influence of the plasma nitriding pre-treatment on wear and adhesion of PVD/TiN coating. In: INTERNATIONAL TOOLING CONFERENCE, 7., 2006, Torino, Italy. Torino, 2006, v. 1, p. 457-463
19 Franco Jr., A.R.; Ospina, C.M.G.; Tschiptschin, A.P. Análise numérica e experimental da cinética de nitretação a plasma de aços-ferramenta. Tecnologia em Metalurgia e Materiais, v. 1, n.1, p. 6-11, July-Sept. 2004.
20 Souza, R.M.; Sinatora, A.; Mustoe, G.G.W.; Moore, J.J. Numerical and experimental study of the circular cracks observed at the contact edges of the indentation of coated systems with soft substrates. Wear, v. 251, n.1-12, p. 1337-1346, Oct. 2001.
21 Hedenqvist, P.; Olsson, M.; Söderberg, S. Failure mode analysis of TiN-coated high speed steel: In situ scratch testing in the scanning electron microscopy. Surface and Coatings Technology, v. 41, n.1, p. 31-49, Feb. 1990.
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