Soluções adaptadas de baixo custo para o desenvolvimento de máquina de manufatura híbrida
Low-cost, adapted solutions for the hybrid manufacturing machine development
João Pedro Aguiar dos Santos; João Inácio Yutaka Ota; Pedro de Paula Lopes Macedo; Rômulo da Costa Delmondes; Marcelo Antônio Adad de Araújo
Resumo
O uso da tecnologia de manufatura híbrida permite o uso mais eficiente de material e a fabricação mais precisa de protótipos ao juntar os benefícios oriundos de diferentes tecnologias de manufatura. Porém, soluções exclusivamente voltadas para a manufatura híbrida apresentam alto custo de investimento. O uso conjunto de equipamentos existentes de manufatura aditiva, subtrativa e conformativa na manufatura híbrida poderia trazer uma redução considerável de custos. No entanto, equipamentos como impressoras 3D e máquinas CNC não estão preparadas para aplicações de manufatura híbrida, o que exige soluções adaptadas. O artigo apresenta o desenvolvimento de uma máquina de manufatura híbrida feita a partir da adaptação de uma fresadora CNC e de um conjunto extrusor em uma única estrutura mecânica. Tal estrutura é controlada por uma eletrônica embarcada de baixo custo com código aberto. Ambas as etapas de manufatura aditiva e subtrativa são gerenciadas por um único software de fatiamento 3D. Embora a solução adaptada de manufatura híbrida seja voltada para um ambiente acadêmico e de ensino de engenharia, ressalta-se que a adaptação de equipamentos já existentes para manufatura híbrida é também aplicável em outros contextos, como a fabricação de protótipos ou produtos em ambientes industriais.
Palavras-chave
Abstract
Hybrid Manufacturing technology allows more efficient use of the materials and high-resolution rapid prototyping parts, blending the benefits of both additive and subtractive manufacturing. However, commercially available solutions yield high cost of acquisition. Nevertheless, while cost reduction is achievable by using existing tools of additive, subtractive, and conformal manufacture, off-the-shelf 3D printing and machining tools do not perform hybrid manufacturing natively. Therefore, adapted solutions are indeed necessary. The paper presents the development of a hybrid manufacturing machine based on existing CNC machining tool and extruder, both adapted to a circuit board printer and controlled by a unique management and slicing software for both additive and subtractive manufacturing. Although the presented prototype is a machine aimed for teaching and learning activities in engineering, hybrid manufacturing by the means of existing equipment in industry or fab labs is applicable as well.
Keywords
Referências
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Submetido em:
30/05/2023
Aceito em:
08/11/2023
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